Experimental high pressure speed of sound and density of (tetralin + n-decane) and (tetralin + n-hexadecane) systems and thermodynamic modeling

In this work, speed of sound for n-decane, n-hexadecane and tetralin, as well as for binary mixtures involving these hydrocarbons, were determined at pressures of (0.1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25) MPa at temperatures of (313.15, 323.15 and 333.15) K at different compositions. Density data at atmospheric pressure for these same systems were measured experimentally at temperatures of (313.15, 323.15 and 333.15) K. From these results and thermodynamic definitions, the following properties were calculated: density at high pressures, excess molar volume and excess isentropic compressibility. Tetralin, n-decane and n-hexadecane are chemicals asymmetrical in shape, length and chemical nature that can be found in naphtha and kerosene fractions. The influence of these differences on the physical properties of these mixtures was then evaluated. Density and speed of sound data were correlated with Prigogine–Flory–Patterson (PFP) equation of state. The PFP model correlated well experimental densities for pure components but did not correlate so well the speed of sound dependency with pressure. The model calculated well excess properties, with correct signs, magnitudes, and the qualitative effect of pressure and temperature on these properties.     

Volumetric properties,viscosities and refractive indices of binary liquid mixtures of tetrafluoroborate-based ionic liquids with methanol at several temperatures

Densities, speeds of sound, viscosities and refractive indices of two binary systems 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmim][BF₄] + methanol and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [emim][BF₄] + methanol, as well as of all pure components, have been measured covering the whole range of compositions at T = (278.15 to 318.15) K and p = 101 kPa. From this data, excess molar volumes, excess isentropic compressibilities, viscosity deviations and refractive index deviations were calculated and fitted to extended versions of the Redlich–Kister equation. Estimated coefficients of these equations taking into account the dependence on composition and temperature simultaneously were also presented.     

Is there any sense to investigate volumetric and acoustic properties of more binary mixtures containing Ionic Liquids?

The excess speed of sound, excess molar volume and excess molar isentropic compressibility of 52 binary mixtures containing Ionic Liquids at T = 298.15 K were calculated using selected literature speed of sound and density data. The second components were alcohols: methanol, or ethanol, or 1-propanol, or 2-propanol, or 1-butanol or other solvents: acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane and dimethylsulfoxide. The Balankina’s relative excesses, X_bal, i.e. the ratios between excess and ideal quantities X^E/X^id were also determined to reduce the structural impact of pure components to absolute excesses. Analysis of quantities determined shows some patterns for concentration dependences of large groups of mixtures; thus, the scheme for influence of anion or cation of Ionic Liquids and solvent on Balankina’s relative excesses was proposed. It seems that presented analysis provide the knowledge about absolute and relative excess quantities for other mixtures without doing the experimental work. It is also visible that analysis of excess molar quantities and X_bal parameters can support the interpretation of interactions which occur between Ionic Liquids and solvent.     

地质灾害图形图象分析系统在天津地面沉降分析中的应用

地质灾害的分布和发生发展过程具有空间特性, 其影响因素具有自身的特点和复杂性。作者开发的地质灾害图象分析系统(GHMIAS)是以典型地质灾害为主要对象、以空间信息管理和分析为主要功能的应用性地理信息系统, 该系统有独特的空间分析模型扩充, 融矢量、栅格和Windows图形用户对象为一体, 支持多种数据格式相互转换, 具有丰富的制图功能和高质量的制图输出, 可以快速生成灾害专题图件。     

Spatial-based iterative learning control for motion control applications

For many motion control applications spatial constraints are often more important than temporal constraints. In recent work, we have developed a spatial control strategy called the ε-controller for mobile robot applications. The control strategy is based solely on static path geometry with position (in space) feedback. Motivated by this idea, in this paper, we consider the notion of spatial-based iterative learning control (ILC). Specifically, we consider repetitive operation problems where corrections are made to the control signal from trial to trial. Unlike traditional ILC, however, which updates control signals based on the time elapsed along a trajectory, we instead make updates based on path errors and progress along the path. The idea is demonstrated via simulation for a system with bang–bang velocity control. Experimental results using a high-precision, two-axis gimbal mechanism are presented to show the effectiveness of the strategy.     

超声波无触点支承陀螺仪技术的理论分析及实现

提出了一种超声无触点支承方案，详细介绍了超声无触点支承原理。通过对声辐射理论的研究，获得超声无触点支承的理论依据。实验证明实现这种超声波无触点支承是可行的。根据这一理论，对三轴无触点支承结构进行了选择设计。     

基于光楔阵列产生光学涡旋阵列的研究

在研究光楔衍射法产生单涡旋的基础上,基于长条形光楔阵列,提出了利用光束阵列衍射产生涡旋阵列的方法.该方法要求光束阵列在平行于光楔边缘方向上的光束间距等于光束直径的整数倍.利用超精密机床采用一体化加工法加工了光楔阵列元件,验证了该方法的可行性.利用空间光调制器快速灵活调整光束阵列的优点,搭建了借助空间光调制器加载达曼光栅衍射产生所需光束阵列的实验光学系统.针对光束阵列与光楔阵列的匹配问题,研究了达曼光栅掩模图基本单元对光束阵列的调控,获得了可调结构的光束阵列.实验产生了拓扑荷一致的光学涡旋阵列,与仿真结果相一致,证明所提方法的有效性.     

Active sound control in composite regions

In active sound control, noise shielding of a target region is achieved via additional sources (called controls) situated at the perimeter of the region. The sources protect the target region by adjusting the acoustic field near the boundary of the region. In the present paper a numerical model of active sound control based on surface potentials in 3D bounded composite regions is numerically studied. In the composite region setup, it is required that the regions be shielded from noise while allowing admissible sound that is generated in the shielded regions to be preserved. The admissible sound is usually required to propagate freely inside the protected regions or in a (selective) predetermined pattern. The adjusting approach used here does not require any knowledge of the sound sources or the properties of the propagation medium in order to obtain the controls. Moreover, the approach differs sharply from some other approaches where the detailed knowledge of the sound sources and the propagation medium is required. For the first time, numerical test cases involving both free communication and predetermined communication pattern between the regions in three dimensions are considered. In all test cases, these regions are effectively shielded from the noise while any present admissible sound is preserved. In addition, selective propagation of the admissible sound between the regions is enforced. The effect of the number of controls on their operation is also studied. Whether admissible sound is present or not, the level of noise cancellation decreases linearly as fewer controls are used. In addition to the increase in size of the interference zone, the controls become individually distinguishable.     

基于虚拟仪器的简易声源追踪系统设计

为了在大型粮仓中局部出现害虫鸟类时可以快速找出其位置,解决目前声源定位设备成本高、计算量大实时性差的问题,对波达声差（TDOA）定位技术和互相关时延算法进行研究,提出一种改进了广义互相关时延估计算法,设计实现一种基于虚拟仪器的简易声源追踪系统根据害虫害鼠发出声音进行位置追踪进行粮仓管理。详细介绍了系统软硬件设计实现,系统可以实现参数设置、声源坐标的实时获取、文件存储、三维动态和数值显示等功能。实验结果显示,该系统具有实时性好、精度高、计算量小、工作稳定等特点。